Dry-pan.



R. G. PENFIELD.

Patented NOV. 1, 1910.

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R. 0. PENPIELD.

DRY PAN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13. 1909.

Ptented Nov. 1, 1910.

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R. c. PENFIELD'.

' DRY PAN.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1909.

Patented N0v .1,1910.

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RAYMOND C. PENFIELD, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DRY-PAN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1, 1910.

Application filed July 13, 1909. Serial No. 507,423.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RAYMOND C. PEN- rmno, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dry-Pans, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

My present invention relates to a rotary mill or dry pan for grinding and pulverizing clay and similar substances in the mani1- facture of bricks, and in kindred arts, the pan being of that class wherein the material is fed under heavy rollers or mullers located at opposite sides of the axis of revolution of the pan.

It has been found that the best practice for reducing refractory material, such as shale, for the manufacture of clay products, is through the use of a grinding pan. The principal difficulty heretofore experienced with machines of this class is to obtain a large capacity for the space they require and occupy. One of the chief reasons for not being able to obtain a large capacity has been that the speed of the pan causes the material, after it passes under the grinding mullers, to pass over the screening plates by centrifugal force too rapidly to be properly screened. My present invention provides a mechanism for overcoming this difliculty. In addition to this chief object of the invention, I may mention, among others, that the object is to provide a novel construction whereby solidity and strength are obtained with less material and labor than are required in grinding or crushing mills as ordinarily constructed, and also to provide a pan of such form and ability as that it will be capable of sustaining a great amount of work with only slight liability of being broken or injured.

The invention also contemplates an improved arrangement of the grinding surfaces whereby the clay or other material may be readily supplied thereto and more speedily and perfectly ground or reduced.

The invention also comprises numerous details and peculiarities in the construction, arrangement and combination of parts substantially as will be hereinafter described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional side elevation of my improved grinding pan. Fig. 2 is a similar vertical sectional side elevation at right angles to the View in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan viewon the line a" w of Fig. 1.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the different figures of the drawing.

1 designates a pier or foundation of brick, concrete, orv other suitable material, on which the mechanical elements of the pan are mounted for operation. The side frames 2 of the main frame of the machine are securely mounted on the foundation 1, and held thereto by means of bolts 3 or other fastening devices. Upon the frames 2 is supported a horizontal cross frame 4: which is rigidly allixed to said frames 2. This frame 4 provides journal bearings 5 and 6, which are preferably built as roller bearings, and in which is rotatably mounted a horizontal shaft 7 whereon is a. driving pulley 10 which may obviously be a plain pulley, or a tight and loose pulley, either of which will perform the same function as the friction pulley indlcated in the drawing. A bracket 8 bolted at 9 to one of the side frames 2 serves to provide another bearing for the shaft 7, which bearing is at the outermost end of the shaft and is also preferably built with roller bearings. The driving pulley 10 is preferably located on the shaft 7 between the bracket Sand the bearing 5. Also on the shaft 7 contiguous to the bearing 6, is a bevel driving pinion 11 which meshes with a horizontal master gear wheel 12, that is securely fastened upon the upper end of a vertical driving shaft 14 which 00- cupies a position centrally in the machine. Shaft 14 is supported at its upper end in a bearing 13 supplied near the central point of the horizontal cross frame 4:. Vertical shaft 14: is shown in its full length in Fig. 2. At a point, say, about midway of its length, it is enlarged so that a lowerportion 16 is of greater diameter than the upper portion, there being a shoulder 15 at the point where the part 16 of larger diameter begins; Thls shoulder 15 supports a grinding base or grinding pan proper 17 which has a hub 18 extending upward, that is bored to fit the upper portion of the shaft 14: to which it is securely keyed, as shown in Fig. 1, so that it revolves with drive shaft 14. The upper surface of the grinding base 17 is provided with grinding plates 19 of hard material which are securely bolted thereto, as inclicated in Fig. 1. The base 18 and plates 19 constitute the main part of the grinding element of the machine, on which the mullers act. Above the plates 19 are the vertical rotary wheels or mullers 20 and 2]. They are the grinding devices, and they revolve in consequence of the revolution of the pan beneath them, said pan carrying the material to be ground. These mullers 20 and 21 consist each of a rim 22 of some suitable hard material and a central portion 23. The rim 22 is secured to the central portion 23 by means of wooden wedges 24, or by some other equivalent and effective devices. The central part of the wheel section 23 is bored to receive one end of a horizontal wearing sleeve 25 provided with a flange 27 which is let into a recess 28 in the central part 23 of themuller. The opposite side of the part 23 away from the recess 28 is also similarly recessed at 29, this latter recess being for the purpose of allowing the muller to work as close as possible to the central shaft 14, since the recess serves to receive to a greater or less extent the central bearing in which the shaft 14 revolves at this point. Flange 27 of the wearing sleeve 25 is secured to the muller by means of suitable bolts as shown.

At the extremity of the muller sleeve is an enlarged end 30, having therein a square or angular cavity 31. Fitting into this square cavity and also resting against the end of the sleeve 25 is a hardened raceway 32. Alongside of this raceway 32 and running thereon is a series of balls 33 making up a ball-bearing; and on the other side of the balls 33 away from the raceway 32 is another similar raceway 34 which is prevented from turning by having a square hub which is fitted into a socket 36 formed in a collar 37" which is provided with a projecting flanged rim 38'that covers the raceways 32 and 34 as well as the balls 33 and prevents dust from working into the same. The raceways 32 and 34 and the balls together constitute a thrust-bearing to take the thrusting strain of the mullers, which latter have a tendency to press outward as they revolve. Adjacent to the collar 37 is a. vertically slidable shoe 39 which is carried by a square end 40 of reduced diameter belonging to the horizontal muller shaft 41.

Of course itwill be understood that the mullers 20 and 21 are duplicates of each other, being of the same size, shape and construction, and located on opposite sides of the axis of revolution of the shaft 14 and the grinding pan, but performing similar work. In describing, therefore, the shafts on which they revolve, it will be understood that each muller has a shaft 41 located centrally inside of the muller and its sleeve 25. An entire shaft may run across the machine and have a function for both mullers. It may be designed by taking two pieces of shaft 41, one for each muller to revolve on, and placing a shoe similar to the shoe 39 at the outer end of each of these shaft sections 41, while the inner adjacent ends of said shafts 41 will be held together in some suitable manner at the center of the machine, as, for instance, by means of a pair of clamps commonly called yokes in the trade, or, as is preferred in the present instance, the shafting may be run entirely across the machine, being forged in one piece and being enlarged at the center, with the material at that point cut away sufliciently to provide an opening in which the shaft 14 will revolve, this cut-away portion of the shaft being reinforced by means of a plate 42 on one or bot-h sides of the same held in place by bolts 43. It will be clearly manifest that as the mullers 20 and 21 are mounted on their sleeves 25, and as said sleeves are mounted on the muller shafts 41, said shafts serve as guides or ournals whereon the mullers may revolve. The collars 37, already mentioned in connection with the thrustbearings, are preferably made in halves which are secured together by means of bolts 44. The shoes 39 are rectangular in form and work up and down in guides 46 in the vertical side frames 2 (see Figs. 1 and 3). Inasmuch as the shoes 39 are carried by the square ends 40 of the muller shafts 41, and are themselves rectangular in form, working in sockets 46, it is obvious that. the muller shafts 41 will be prevented from revolving. At the same time the mullers are by means of these shoes, which have a vertically reciprocatory movement, permitted to rise and fall as the material to be ground passes under them. If a hard stone or other hard object, or refractory piece of material, or some large piece of hard material, should pass under the muller without being reduced, and the muller should drop off as it passed over the same, the shock would be received upon the springs 49 below the shoes 39 and inside of the casing 46 in which these shoes oscillate. On the upper end of each spring 49 is a spring block 50, and on the lower end several spring blocks .31. Passing through said spring blocks, as well as through the center of the spring, is a bolt 52 which also is carried by a part of the side frame 2 which forms the lower end of the socket 46. It is found advantageous to provide several lower spring blocks 51 in order to employ mullers of different diameters. and also to lower the mullers or bring them relatively closer to the wearing faces of the pan as they become reduced in diameter through wear. A small amount of adjustment can also be made by closing the spring 49 to a greater or less extent by the adjust mentof the bolt 52.

Revolving loosely on the larger section 16 of shaft 14, directly below the grinding base 17, is a circular skeleton frame 53 for supporting a circular series of one or more horizontal screen plates 54 which lie in substantially the same horizontal plane with the grinding plates 19 above mentioned. This screen supporting frame 53 consists essentially of a central hub 55 within which the shaft 16 is loosely situated, so that the hub can revolve on shaft 16, said hub 55 having a plurality of radial arms 56 which carry an inner circular rim 57 and an outer concentric circular rim 58. These rims 57 and 58 from seats and supports for the screen plates 54, as is clearly seen in Fig. 2, of which there may be any number, one or several. The screen plate holder 53 is thus made as a skeleton frame, in order that the material being operated upon, as it passes through the screen 54, will not be obstructed in its fall, but will readily drop below the said screen and fall into a hopper or receiving chamber beneath. 61 denotes such a hopper. It may be made of any suitable material as wood or metal, but I prefer to construct it of sheet metal, the rear portion thereof 62 being made inclined. The front part 63 is vertical and closes up the front side of the hopper. The inner sides of the foundation walls 1 provide sides for the hopper 61 and complete its construction. Said hopper 61 is supported upon steel channel bars 64 and 65 located near the top of the pier or foundation 1 (see Fig. 2). Also resting onthe channel bars 64 and 65 is a vertical circular metallic ring 66, to the top of which is riveted or otherwise firmly secured an angle iron 67. This cylindrical part 66 surrounds the pan proper and the screen plates, and has the function of a husk. It prevents any loose material from flying outside of the pan, and confines the material as it passes through the screen plates 54 to a certain direction in its descent, so that it will necessarily fall into the receiving hopper 61. Also the pan is provided with a circular rim 26 bolted or otherwise firmly secured around the screen plates 54 or at the ends of the arms 56. This rim 26 is concentric with the husk 66.

A flange or circular ring 68 is bolted or otherwise firmly secured beneath the series of arms 56 and is provided on its lower face with gear teeth 69 which mesh with the teeth of a pinion 70 that is mounted on a shaft 71. One end of the shaft 71 is supported in a bearing 72 inside of and forming a part of a dust casing 73 that incloses the pinion 70 and the gear wheel 69. This casing 73 is provided with a central hub 74, the upper end of which is formed with a square socket 7 5 receiving a square projection 76 of a hardened raceway 77.

78 indicates a series of balls that rest on the hardened raceway 77, while on said balls 78 rests a second corresponding hardened raceway 79 which is provided with a square projecting flange 80 which fits into a recess in the bottom of the hub 55 of the screen-supporting frame 53.

The parts 77, 78 and 79, constituting the ball bearing which I have just described, form a thrust-bearing for supporting the weight of the screen frame 53 and its screen plates 54, and also the weight of the gear wheel 69, so that these parts may revolve freely and independently of the grinding base 17.

On the lower end of the hub 74 of the casing 73 is a flange 81 bolted 'to another flange 82 of a chair 83 which has a lower flange 84 that rests upon steel channel bars 85 and 86. Said channel bars 85 and 86 and chair 83 provide a support. for the dust casing 73. The bottom of the dust casing 73 is closed as indicated. On the outer edge of this bottom, and projecting upward, is a circular ring 87, concentric with the shaft 16, and this with the bottom forms the casing which protects the gear 69, pinion 70 and bearing 72 from injury by dust or other causes. This particular part of the machine also forms a rest for the screen supporting frame 53 and is kept stationary and prevented from turning with the shaft 16 by being bolted to the chair 83 by means'of bolts 88.

At the lower end of the enlarged section 16, which, as I have stated, is a part of the drive shaft 14, is a square or angular socket 89 (see Fig. 2) that receives a correspondingly square projection 90 of a plate 91 which operates as a thrust plate. The lower surface of the plate 91 is formed or provided with a raceway 92 to receive a series of balls 93 forming part of a ball bearing, which balls 93 rest also in a raceway 94 forming a part of the upper face of a lower thrust plate 95 which is similar to the upper thrust plate 91. Projecting below the lower thrust plate 95 is a square hub 96 which is received into a square socket 97 of a step casting 93. The lower surface 99 of the thrust plate 95 is curved or spherical in shape, as shown, and rests upon the flat horizontal surface of the socket 97. The thrust plates 91 and 95 are circular in form and are surrounded by the flange 100 forming a partof the stepcasting 98, which latter is secured to the central foundation 101 by vertical bolts 102 and 103. These bolts pass through a bottom flange 104 shown in Fig. 1 and forming a part of the step casting 98. It will be 110- ticed, furthermore, that in the upper peripheral edge of the circular flange or ring 100 there is a channel or groove 105 which contains oil or other fluid supplied thereto by a pipe 105. Projecting over the outer wall of the oil channel 105 is a bifurcated ring 100, the rim of which projects on the outside of the wall 100, while an inner integral ring 107 lies within the groove 105. In this manner a dust-proof joint is provided whereby dust is prevented from passing into the step-bearing. The rings 106 and 107 form a part of the hood 108, which latter is made in two parts, so that it can be conveniently removed from the shaft 16, and it is clamped to said shaft by means of bolts passing through lugs at 109 and 110.

The outer periphery of the grinding base 17 is provided with a hard wearing ring 111, and the adjoining inner part of the ring 57, which forms a part of the screen supporting frame 53, is similarly provided with a wearing ring 112, these two rings 111 and 112 being quite close together. They are held in position on their respective parts by bolts or other securing devices, and are provided so that at any time they can be renewed to prevent the wearing of the screen-supporting frame and the outer edge of the grinding base 17. I do not wish to be limited to any particular material for these rings 111 and 112, Any ordinary hard wearing substance will serve the purpose,

Shaft 71, which, as we have seen, carrles in the dust casing 73 a pinion that engages a gear wheel 69 whereby the screen supporting frame and the screens are rotated, is provided on its opposite end with a gear wheel 116 located within a gear casing 114. he shaft 71, at a point near to the gear casing 114, is supported in a journal bearing 113 which forms a part of the gear casing 114, the latter being bolted to the side of the frame 2 at 115. The gear wheel 116 meshes with a bevel pinion 117 likewise within the gear casing 114, and this pinion 117 is securely keyed to the lower end of a vertical shaft 118, on the upper end of which is a gear wheel 123 which meshes with a bevel pinion 124 on the end of the upper horizontal shaft 7. The shaft 118 is supported at its lower end in a journal hearing 110 which forms a part of the gear casing 1.14, and at its upper end is journaled in a bearing 119 which forms apart of the gear casing 120. Said casing 120 is bolted securely to the frame 2 at 121 by means of suitable bolts 122. The gear casing 120 contains the gear wheels 123 and 124. In this way the revolution of the top shaft 7 is transmitted to the vertical shaft 118, and thence through the connecting gears, as eX- plained, to the horizontal lower shaft 71 which in turn through the proper gearing actuates the screen supporting frame and the screens.

The side frames 2, 2 are tied together by suitable bracing and connecting parts, as, for instance, square tie rods shown at 126 and 127. These tie rods are held in position by means of keys or other equivalent means driven through slots in the same at 128 and 129, and they provide means for supporting the scraper devices 130. I lay no special claim in this case to novelty in the style of scraper, and hence have found it unnecessary to illustrate the scrapers in detail. Of course, the scraper operates to return the coarser material that will not pass through the screen plates back under the mullers so that it may be reduced further to a condition fine enough to enable it to pass through the screen. This outline of the scraper is shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3.

On one or both of the tie rods 127 (see Fig. 3) is a supporting frame 131 which is furnished with hubs 132 and 133, having therein openings to receive tie rods 127, as w ill as to receive the set screws 134 and 135. The upper surface of the frame 131 is provi ded with an inclined screen 136 composed of bars of metal placed close together. See Fig. 2. This screen 136 receives the material to be reduced which is delivered thereto by any suitable means not shown. It falls from the screen 136, and the coarser particles drop into the path of the grinding mullers 20 and 21, while the finer material passes directly upon the screen plates 54, and all the particles that are fine enough pass through the same, entering the lower hopper 61. By means of this elevated screen attachment the mullers are relieved from wading through a large mass of the material which is fine enough in the first instance to drop readily through the screen plates 54.

Referring again to the hopper (31 it will be noticed that it is provided with an opening 137 surrounded by a framework 138. At the lower end of hopper 61 is an opening 139 to allow the ground and screened material to pass out of the hopper into the boot 140 of the elevator 141, said elevator being of the well known type composed of an endless belt 142 passing over a lower pulley or drum 143 and also around other pulleys and drums. This belt 142 is provided with suitable elevator buckets 144 which elevate the material to any height desired and carry it to a point where it is taken care of to suit the need ful conditions of each case.

The operation of the pan will be readily understood from the foregoing description of the construction and arrangement of the various parts. Power is first applied to the friction pulley 10 by means of a belt or in some other suitable way, the result of which is to rotate the shaft 7, which in turn revolves the driving pinion 11 that meshes in the gear 12 mounted on the vertical shaft 14, thereby revolving the latter. In this way the grinding pan proper or base 17 which carries the grinding plates 19 is re volved. The material which falls upon the plates 19 passes under the mullers 20 and 21 and causes said mullers to revolve or ride upon the same. The material thus crushed by this action of the mullers passes in consequence of the centrifugal force off the grinding plates 19 and on to the screen plates 54, through which the finer material passes and is received into the hopper 61, from which it follows out by gravity through the opening 139 into the elevator boot and is elevated by buckets 1&4. lhe material that is too coarse to pass through the screen plates 54 is scraped therefrom by means of scrapers at 130, which are well known to the art, whereby it is returned to the grinding plates to be repassed under the mullers 21 and 22 which reduce it still further, and after this the material will again pass over the screen plates 54: and through the openings thereof into the hopper 61 and thence into the elevator.

e have already seen that the screen plate holder or frame, with its screen or screens, is given a rotary motion which is of a different speed from that of the grinding or crushing base. By this method we are enabled to increase the speed of the grinding plates and of the mullers, thereby increasing the grinding capacity of the machine, and thereby at the same time run the screen at a slower speed, so that the ground material will not pass over the screen plates 54: so rapidly that it will not fall through the openings of said plates 54. In this way the capacity of the pan is very materially increased. By the mechanism provided, more over, the grinding capacity of the pan is very much enlarged, for it is made possible to run the grinding part of the pan very fast indeed. The screening mechanism is entirely under control and can be run at such speed as is found most desirable and efficient, and as will yield the best results, and the relative speeds of the grinding mechanism and the screening devices can be changed and differently related or adjusted in order to bring about the best results in practice.

' Many changes may be made in the exact construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element, a screening element, said elements being concentric with each other and both situated in substantially the same horizontal plane and forming the bottom of the pan and moving at different speeds.

2. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element consisting of a rotary surface, a screening element, said elements being concentric with each other in substantially the same plane and forming the bottom surface of the pan, means for driving the grinding element, and means for independently driving the screening element, so. that the relative speed of the two elements may be regulated.

3. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element consisting of a rotary surface, a screening element also consisting of a rotary surface, both situated in substantially the same plane and concentric with each other to form the bottom surface of the pan, a rim encircling the pan, and means for causing the grinding and screening elements to move independently of each other.

4. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding means consisting of a rotary plate, mullers arranged in association therewith, a screening means also consisting of a rotary element, said grinding and screening means being located concentric with each other in substantially the same plane and forming the bottom surface of the pan, and means for actuating the screening and grinding means independently of each other.

5. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element, a screening element, said grinding and screening elements being located concentric with each other in substantially the same horizontal plane and forming the bottom surface of the pan, and said grinding element rotating more rapidly than the screening element so that the screening may be more effectually accomplished.

6. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding base, driving means for operating it, grinding plates carried by said base, mullers supported above said plates, and a screening mechanism concentric with the grinding devices and moving independently thereof and at a different speed, said screening mechanism being situated in substantially the same plane with the grinding base and forming therewith the bottom surface of the dry pan.

7. In a dry pan, the combination of a central vertical drive shaft, a grinding base on the shaft, grinding plates carried by said base, mullers supported above the grinding plates and revolved by the movement of the latter, and screening mechanism concentric with the grinding base and operated at a different speed therefrom, said screening mechanism being in substantially the same plane with the grinding base and forming therewith the bottom surface of the dry pan.

8. In a rotary dry pan, the combination of a vertical drive shaft, a horizontal shaft geared thereto at the upper end, a grinding base secured to the vertical shaft, screening mechanism concentric with the grinding base and moving independently thereof, mullers revolubly supported above the grinding devices, gearing mechanism for 1 driving the screening mechanism, and connections consisting of shafting and gearing between the mechanism driving the screening mechanism and the upper shafting which actuates the vertical shaft.

9. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding base, a vertical actuating shaft to which it is secured, grinding plates carried by said base, a screen-supporting frame loose on said shaft, a screen supported by said frame, a cylindrical rim encircling the screen, a gearing for actuating the screen supporting frame, and means for driving the main shaft, all arranged so that the grinding mechanism may move independently of and at a different rate of rotation from that of the screening mechanism.

10. In a rotary dry pan, the combination of a grinding element, a screening element, said elements rotating at different speeds and being situated concentric with each other in substantially the same horizontal plane and forming the bottom surface of the pan, a receptacle beneath the screen into which the crushed material falls, a rim encircling the screen, and an outer husk surrounding the entire pan.

11. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding base, a shaft to which it is secured, wearing plates on said base, a screen adjoining the base and moving at a different speed, said screen being concentric with the base and located in substantially the same horizontal plane and forming with the base the bottom surface of the pan, a frame supporting said screen, a receptacle beneath the screen for receiving the crushed material, said receptacle having an inclined side, and means for direct-ing the crushed material from the screen into the receptacle.

12. In a rotary dry pan, the combination of a drive shaft, a top shaft geared thereto for actuating it, a grinding base affixed rigidly to said shaft, grinding plates carried by said base, a screen supporting frame loose on the shaft below the grinding base, screening devices carried by said frame in the same horizontal plane as the grinding plates, gearing for imparting a rotary motion to the screen-supporting frame and the screening devices at a different rate from that of the motion of the grinding base, and means for carrying the screen supporting frame so that it may revolve freely about the shaft, said means including a thrust bearing.

13. In a dry pan, the combination of a main frame, a horizontal shaft ournaled in the upper part thereof, a vertical drive shaft geared to said upper shaft and actuated thereby, a grinding base attached to said vertical shaft, mullers supported above said base and revolved by its movement, screen ing devices that receive the material from the mullers, scrapers for directing uncrushed material back to the mullers, a rim surrounding the screening devices, an outer husk around the rim, means for driving the screen at a different rate of rotation from that of cei'ving the crushed material, and means for carrying the said material away from the bin.

14:. I11 a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element, a screening element moving at a different speed from that of the grinding element, one or more scrapers arranged in conjunction with the screening element to direct back any coarse material to the grinding element, and a preliminary screening mechanism. supported in an in clined position above the first-named screening element to receive the first delivery of the material to be crushed.

15. In a dry pan, the combination of a grinding element, means for revolving it, a screening element receiving the material after it is crushed, means for driving said screening element at a different speed from that of the grinding element, one or more scraper devices for returning back the coarse material to be reground, mullers arranged above the grinding base, and means for yieldingly supporting said mullers so that they will automatically adjust themselves.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

RAYMOND (J. PEN FIELD.

lVitnesses JEANNEITE S'ronn, C. B. SCHROEDER. 

